Aqueous Ammonia 25% – Ammonium Hydroxide

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Product Name: Aqueous Ammonia 25% – Ammonium Hydroxide – NH₄OH

Appearance:
Clear liquid with a characteristic pungent odor.

Chemical Name:
Ammonia Aqueous; Aqua Ammonia; Ammonia TS

Chemical Formula: NH₄OH

Packaging Options:
Available in 30 lt, 60 lt drums, 1000 lt IBC tanks, or in bulk via ISO tanks or tankers.

Description & Applications:
Aqueous ammonia is a colorless, irritating solution formed by dissolving ammonia gas in water. Despite not containing the OH⁻ ion explicitly, it exhibits weak base properties due to the formation of ammonium hydroxide in water.

Ammonia is a covalent (non-metal + non-metal) compound with polar molecules, making it highly soluble in water. It forms weak hydrogen bonds with water molecules, contributing to its high solubility. The molecule has a trigonal pyramidal shape due to a lone pair of electrons, which makes it strongly polar.

It has a high latent heat of vaporization, making it suitable for use as a refrigerant in industrial cooling systems. At room temperature, a saturated ammonia solution typically contains about 34% ammonia with a density of approximately 0.88 g/mL.

Common Uses:

• Agriculture: Used extensively in nitrogen-based fertilizer production and as a direct soil treatment.

• Chemical Industry: Precursor in the synthesis of urea, ammonium salts, nitric acid, dyes, pharmaceuticals, and perfumes.

• Manufacturing: Utilized in the production of plastics, nylon, synthetic fibers, rubber, cleaning agents, and explosives.

• Other Applications: Refining of petroleum, pH regulation, neutralization of acidic by-products, air conditioning systems, and textile processing (cotton, silk).

Caution:
Ammonia is toxic and should be handled with proper safety precautions. Most commercial "ammonia" products are actually aqueous ammonia solutions (ammonium hydroxide).